Financial Appraisal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Money related Appraisal - Essay Example For ARR, the recipe is additionally basic and straightforward. In any case, it ignores time estimation of cash and spotlights on benefit rather than income. While ascertaining the NPV in open part extends, extra factors ought to be taken into contemplations. Since it manages the open division, the examination ought to go past monetary to gauge the social expenses and advantages of the undertaking. For instance, regardless of whether the venture is monetarily plausible and will yield returns, negative externalities, for example, contamination ought to likewise be considered. It ought to be noticed that a legislative organization and the open segment isn't a benefit augment however is engaged in bringing the most elevated level of social government assistance. Post review examination is basic toward the finish of the life of the venture so as to survey if the underlying objectives or projections have been sufficiently met. This additionally gauges the degree of comprehension of the organization in anticipating the eventual fate of an undertaking. Through post-review examination, the organization can assess itself on why projections didn't appear. The gaining from post-review examination will empower the organization to apply it in future task assessments.

What You Need to Know About Weekend MBA Programs

What You Need to Know About Weekend MBA Programs A weekend MBA program is low maintenance business degree program with class meetings that are hung toward the end of the week, typically on Saturdays. The program brings about a Master of Business Administration degree. End of the week MBA programs are commonly grounds based however may join some type of separation learning, for example, video-based talks or online conversation gatherings. Most weekend MBA programs are only that: programs that occur toward the end of the week. In any case, there are a few projects that have end of the week and night classes. Projects like this have classes toward the end of the week just as classes that happen at night on weekdays. Kinds of Weekend MBA Programs There are two fundamental sorts of end of the week MBA programs: the first is a customary MBA program for understudies who might take a crack at a common MBA degree program, and the second is an official MBA program. An official MBA program, or EMBA, is explicitly intended for corporate administrators, directors, and other working experts with broad work understanding. In spite of the fact that work experience can differ, most official MBA understudies have 10-15 years of work understanding by and large. Numerous official MBA understudies additionally get full or fractional organization sponsorship, implying that they ordinarily get some type of educational cost repayment. Top Business Schools With Weekend MBA Programs There are a developing number of business colleges offering end of the week MBA programs. A portion of the top business colleges in the nation offer this program alternative for individuals who need to go to class low maintenance. A few models include: The University of Chicago Booth School of Business: At Chicago Booth, understudies meet each Saturday for 11 weeks one after another and procure a MBA degree in 2.5 to 3 years. The educational plan for the end of the week MBA program is equivalent to the educational plan for the full-time MBA program.The University of California Berkeley Haas School of Business: At Berkeley Haas, understudies can look over an end of the week or night plan for MBA classes and could procure their degree in as meager as 2.5 years. End of the week MBA classes are hung on Saturdays in the spring and fall, however all year exercises are available.Kellogg School of Management at Northwest University: Kelloggs weekend MBA program happens on Saturdays, yet understudies can decide to take evening classes notwithstanding end of the week classes. There are two end of the week MBA choices: customary pace and quickened. The customary choice takes 20.5 months to finish, while the quickened alternative requires less credits and night classes and takes 15.5 months to finish. Advantages and disadvantages of Weekend MBA Programs There are numerous valid justifications to consider an end of the week MBA program, yet this instruction choice probably won't be the best decision for everybody. Lets investigate a couple of advantages and disadvantages of end of the week MBA programs. Masters The greatest preferred position of end of the week MBA programs is that you can take the entirety of your classes toward the end of the week, which makes it simpler to work low maintenance or full-time while you win your degree.A weekend MBA program may make it simpler to go to a business college that isn't situated close to your home. It isn't unordinary for MBA understudies to fly in from elsewhere for end of the week classes.Some full-time MBA programs take two years to finish. You can regularly acquire your degree in a similar measure of time (or near it) as you would in a full-time program by going to low maintenance end of the week MBA programs.Some weekend MBA programs permit you to lessen your educational cost costs. At the end of the day, you may pay less for an end of the week MBA program than you would for a conventional, full-time MBA program. Cons Classes may happen only one day out of every week in an end of the week MBA program, yet you should place in take a shot at different days of the week to stay aware of your studies.Being ready to try what you realize immediately in a preferred position for understudies who work while they go to class, however it is additionally essential to recollect that it very well may be debilitating to work and study simultaneously. Moreover, there will come a day when you need to pick among work and scholastic responsibilities, and one is probably going to endure as a result of your choice.Students in full-time programs once in a while get the chance to invest more energy with their accomplices, which is helpful for relationship building. In an end of the week MBA program, you might not have the same number of chances to network or make companions.

The Beatles and the Dawn of Global Culture COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

The Beatles and the Dawn of Global Culture COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog In this day of anti-immigration, anti-science, ‘America First,’ and less-than-subtle racism, I found a welcome arrival recently with Ron Howard’s film  The Beatles: Eight Days a Week â€" The Touring Years. Like many people my age, I grew up with the Beatles, and their music, values and image are deeply ingrained in my view of how the world works. I remember the day in early 1964 when they flew into New York’s Idlewild (now JFK) airport. I was home from school with the flu, but listening to their progress on a transistor radio, and hearing the song, “I Want to Hold Your Hand”, so many times that I could play each Beatles’ part. But more than hearing the pieces, I remember the sheer rush of emotion that washed over me whenever I heard the song begin and the deep sense of wellbeing I felt as the song ended. Their music was an emotional experience for a ten-year-old school boy in Brooklyn. As they evolved through the 1960s, we grew up along with them. Growing up in Brooklyn I knew many people from other countries and I knew we weren’t alone in the world, but I suppose I saw Europe and Asia as places where people were from, not as a place we were going. Europe was where they tattooed numbers on the arms of old people I saw sitting on Brighton Beach in the summer: the survivors of the Holocaust. Or as my father once told me after one of his many business trips to Europe: “Europe is an overrated old place. New York City is the best place in the world, America is the best country, and my parents were right to leave that place.” I remember reminding him that like most Jews in the early 20th century, they were chased out of Europe, but he correctly focused on the wisdom of their leaving. There wasn’t a lot of sympathy for the “old country” when I was a kid. The point I often heard was that America was the future and nothing interesting could come from someplace else. But the Beatles were proof that something absolutely spectacular could be grown outside of America. It turned out that the music they made was a global mix of sounds from England, Ireland, the Caribbean, Africa, Germany and America. Later on, they added the sitar and other sounds from Asia. In 1964, the Beatles’ chief musical influences were Chuck Berry, Little Richard, Elvis Presley and even Brooklyn’s own Carol King. But when the Beatles covered American rock ‘n roll hits and started to write their own songs, they brought their personal history and collective memory to the sounds they made and created something new and fresh that had never been heard before. Read the rest on HuffingtonPost.com. [Image courtesy of US National Archives, via Giphy]

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Comments on Student’s Critique Free Essays

These comments relates to the student critique on the article, â€Å"Is credit card fraud a Real Crime? Does it really cripple the E-commerce sector of E-business? † The student views that, the article is missing on presentation aspects which should be part of the article. The student argues that the introduction is very long and agrees with it that it is useful for it elaborate the inside of the story given that it captures issues which ought to be the main discussion. In addition, the English used needs few adjustments and that the structure of the article is poor. We will write a custom essay sample on Comments on Student’s Critique or any similar topic only for you Order Now The article is said to present facts rather a discussion which the questions imply. Consequently, the student view that the second question has been neglected and that the author should have focused on both questions in the discussion. The conclusion is viewed that it lacks definitive outcomes and the student attributes this to the fact that it contains little discussion. Despite all the mistakes in the article, the student view that the article contains usable facts that could be used in the future works and investigations. In my view, the student appears to be negative towards the presentation of the article. If those aspects could have been addressed, the article would have been much better. The student is right given that this was a discussion article and it should have suitable structure and clear English with no errors in it. How to cite Comments on Student’s Critique, Papers

Arts. Different Kinds of Folk Dances Essay Example For Students

Arts. Different Kinds of Folk Dances Essay The following are examples of popular Philippine folk dances Biannual Originated in Panamanian Province meaning with the use of drinking glasses, this vibrant dance basically shows off balancing skill of the performers. Glasses filled with rice wine are placed on the head and on each hand carefully maneuvered with graceful movements. This dance is common in weddings, fiestas and special occasions. Rigatoni Originated from Spain, this dance is commonly performed at formal affairs like inaugural balls where prominent members Of the government participate and enjoy. Fandango as Alluvial The word fandango comes from the Spanish dance fandango ¶characterized with lively steps and dipping while following a varying beat. Fandango requires excellent balancing skill to maintain the stability of three tinning, or oil lamps, placed on head and at the back of each hand. This famous dance of grace and balance originated from Lubing Island, Indoor. Subliminal The term subsoil is from two toggle words subs meaning falling on head and Bali, which means broken. Hence, the dancers appear to be lame and crooked throughout he dance. This version is originally a ritual dance of the natives of Anna, Battings, which is shown during fiestas as a ceremonial worship dance to the towns icon, the holy cross. Karats Commonly performed during testicles in Boll and other Visalia towns, this dance portrays a young playful couples attempt to get each others attention. It is performed in a moderate waltz style. Its-its According to history of this dance, a young woman named Kananga (short for Catenae) happened to be the best performer in the province of Surging del Norte. At one baptismal reception, she was asked to dance the Sickbay, and began improvising her steps in the middle of her performance imitating the movements of an its, a duck, as it walks with choppy steps and splashes water on its back while attracting its mate.

Dubbing in France 1920s To Date

Table of Contents Introduction The 1920’s Market Dominance The Invention of Sound Importation versus Local Conclusion References Introduction Agreementwith other film industries to open the markets for films placed France within the major risk of foreign interference. Subtitling was also not allowed per se leaving dubbing as the solitaryoption of domesticating foreign films.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Dubbing in France: 1920’s To Date specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The 1920’s By 1920’s, the whole of France and Western Europe was recovering from the destructions of the world war one, thus they were making desperate moves to dominate a large portion of the market as possible. In the early 1920’s, there was no stiff competition in the film industry and films were produced mostly for the local market. There was no foreign competition due to quotas which limited the number of films that could be imported where American films were permitted to a maximum of 20%. But later on, the market share taken by America in the film industry on foreign markets became colossal making it impossible for a single country to challenge America single-handedly (Thompson 1996). The ascending to power of Edouard Herriot brought about great changes in the French market, when he called for Europe to unite and have a common market. French film industry was poorly structured and many firms in the film industry were family owned and small which released a few films before going under. On top of that, dubbing was expansive, time consuming and labour intensive making film production to require much higher budgets than France could afford (Danan 1991). Market Dominance The film Europe policy of 1920’s allowed importation of films into the French market, thereby increasing the number of films coming in from other European countries especially Germany at the expense of the lo cal industry (O’Brien, n.d.). Importance of dubbed films also increased films from the United States of America which was advanced technologically compared to France increasing the foreign dominance in the French market. Though France also exported dubbed films to other European countries especially Germany, its industry was not technologically advanced to compete favourably in the market. Between 1926-1930, enormous portions of the French market was held by foreigners with the USA controlling up to 50% while Germany controlled around 23% (Bergan 2008). To protect the local film industry, the French government introduced regulations to limit the number of imported dubbed films on 1st may, 1928 to seven for every one film produced in France. This was later to be changed to three imported dubbed films for every one locally produced by Frances’s chambre syndicale on 27th February 1929 (Remi 2002).Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can he lp you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Invention of Sound Invention of sound in the film industry in 1929 reduced foreign competition due to language barrier. Also with the expectation of sales increases, investment in the film industry increased. Furthermore, larger firms like â€Å"Gaumont-Franco-Film-Aubert†, ventured into the industry and production increased significantly with the target being the French speaking countries. This saw the decrease of foreign dominance with America’s market share decreasing to 43% by 1932. Incidentally, there was an over estimation as to the extent to which language will be of benefit to the French industry. Dubbing technology was quickly advanced to counter the language barrier, and once again France found itself in the middle of a crisis with stiffer competition not only in the foreign market but also in the local one (Danan 1994). Due to the high rate of collapsing among the firms in the film industry in vestment remained low as well as credit, which gave room for importation of dubbed films as Frances’s local demand was higher than the supply. Importation versus Local The number of imported dubbed films dominated the local market in France in the 1920’s and early 1930’s with the majority being from America and Germany while the local industry was deteriorating (Richard 1984). The cooperation between France and Germany in the 1920’s promoted the dominance of Germany in the French market, and further weakened the French industry because among other factors dubbing was done by foreign firms. The quota of dubbed features hindered specifically the number of foreign films allowed into the country to 140 from 24th July 1933 to 30th June 1934 and 94 to the end of 1934, leading to the decline of the foreign market share (Film birth 2009). As a result of this, the popularity of French films improved over the American imported films increasing the local market unde r French control to nearly 50%. On the other hand, inbox receipts increased raising the income of the local firms alleviating the crisis that had prevailed in the film industry (Steer 1995). The French film industry was made up of small firms which were not innovative coupled with the fact that they were not well structured, making France unable to control their market and perform poorly in the foreign market. Due to this, dubbing was also foreign based where all films were dubbed in foreign countries and only imported as finished products (Szarkowska 2005). Consequently, France was forced to keep its budgets low therefore unable to benefit from large scale production.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Dubbing in France: 1920’s To Date specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Dubbing was also allowed on the condition that it was to take place in French territory, which was a move tailored to ensure that the dubbing process was healthy to the French economy while at the same time allowing local industry to flourish (William and Hughes 2001). This made the government to pass a decree on 29th July 1932 which allowed only films dubbed in France in the market (Walford 2007). Conclusion Dubbing was inevitable in France since culture and language had to protect. On the same note, importation of dubbed films contributed to the weakening of the local cinema industry hence affecting the economy as a whole. Invention of sound was not as advantageous as was expected by the local industry. The government of France therefore, needed to implement rules and decrees which could the process of dubbing health to the economy. Much still needed to be done other than the decrees and quotas, in boosting the local film industry which had lugged behind both technologically and financially. References Bergan, R. 2008. A History of Creative Sound in Film. The Guardian. Web. Danan, M. 1991. Dubbing as an Expression of N ationalism. Journal de Traducteurs Meta, xxxvi, 4, pp. 606-614. Web. Danan, M. 1994. From Nationalism to Globalization: France’s Challenges to Hollywood’s Hegemony, Michigan: Ann Arbor. Film Birth 2009. History of Cinema in France. Web.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More O’Brien, C. Stylistic Description as Historical Method: French Films of The German Occupation – Style In Cinema. Web. Remi, L., F. 2002. French Cinema: From it’s Beginnings to the Present, New York: Continuum. Web. Richard, A. 1984. French Cinema: The First Wave, 1915-1929, Princeton: Princeton University Press. Steer, M. 1995. A Brief History of Film Dubbing Part 1. Web. Szarkowska, A. 2005. The power of Film Translation. Translation Journal, 9(2) pp. 76. Web. Thompson, K. 1996. The End of the â€Å"Film Europe† Movement. History and Film Association of Australia. PP. Web. Walford, M. 2007. French Film and World War Two,  2007 Warwick: Blogs. Web. William, J. and Hughes, A. 2001. Gender and French Cinema. New York: Berg Publishers. This essay on Dubbing in France: 1920’s To Date was written and submitted by user Salvador Baxter to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Comparative Study Between Frank Lloyd Wright and Japanese Architecture Essay Example

Comparative Study Between Frank Lloyd Wright and Japanese Architecture Essay Example Comparative Study Between Frank Lloyd Wright and Japanese Architecture Paper Comparative Study Between Frank Lloyd Wright and Japanese Architecture Paper Architecture reflects mankinds artlstlc and engineering achievements. A bulldlng may merely be used to house people or property, but It represents the designs and structural marvels of that specific period. As we move from one architectural period to another, we find Individuals who have contributed greatly to their respective architectural periods and left their mark on the growing world of art and architecture. Frank Lloyd Wright is one such individual who has changed the way we look at homes and buildings today. He is considered by many as the greatest architect in American history. He as built pieces of architecture that is marvelled by artists and aspiring architects today. Americas premier architect, Frank Lloyd Wright was born in the Richland Center, Wisconsin on June 8, 1867. Anna Lloyd Jones Wright, his mother was the driving force that helped him become the architect that people remember today. She believed it was in his destiny to become an architect and her responsibility in helping him fulfil it. He attended college at the university of Wisconsin in 1884. He was determined to be an architect. Even though the university didnt offer architecture, he stayed there and attended engineering classes. This is where he got some architectural experience from doing construction on the college. Later in 1887 he worked for the firm of Adler and Sullivan. Wrights first constructions were homes. Frank mastered the art of making the house blend with its surroundings, as it were grown from the ground. He achieved this by adding objects on to the house, which made it fit its natural environment. Frank Lloyd Wright was greatly influenced by Japanese architecture. It was the Colombian Fair in 1873 where he was first introduced and became fascinated with Japanese culture. A Japanese Pavilion, Ho-o-den which was exhibited at the fair proved to be Instrumental In Wrights fascination of Japanese architecture, as It was the first time; he was able to explore Asia and Asian culture without physically having to travel there. Wright was a big collector of Japanese prints and textiles and the Influence of Japanese design and architecture made him visit Japan In February 1905. Austere methods of onstruction, lightweight materials and porous boundaries between Inside and outside are all hallmarks of traditional Japanese architecture. The western architects bullt houses and buildings that could withstand harsh forces of nature. They used strong and heavy materials which overpower nature and help them make the tall and monumental building we so admire today. The Japanese on the other hand, bullt with nature. They used wood as a building material which went in harmony with the surroundings and embraced nature. To this day we can still see some of Japans oldest buildings and temples standing in wood. In Western architecture we often see spires and other vertical features which signify Gods omnipotent power over all things. Japanese temples and shrines comprised the horizontal and were petit which were built to be part of nature rather than stand out like their western counterparts. Minimalist design was encouraged by architects of Japan. Contrary to the Western architects who have traditionally tried to make to make their buildings interesting to look at by adding unnecessary decorations and arranging modules of differing heights, Japanese architects focused on making their structures sublime and mysterious on a horizontal level. When it comes to Japanese architecture you start with one room and put a great amount of effort to get that right before moving on to the next room. Japans less popular and smaller buildings and temples caught Wrights attention. The horizontal layouts of Japanese buildings fascinated Wright, as it showed him the principles of simplicity, monumentality, and horizontality. These would become the building blocks of his architectural style. The foundations and framework of the Japanese buildings influenced Frank Lloyd Wright. The Japanese idea of buildings not being frozen in a specific time or place inspired Wright and was eflected in many of his works. This was different from the Western mentality towards preservation and reformation. The Westerners built a building that is defined by the specific historical moment from which it was produced. Wright saw the Japanese as not having the same sense of attachment, as they regarded a building being in a continuous state of change. Japanese believed that a building could be renovated and reconstructed a number of times and remain the same, only its phase changed. The greenery of Japan, as well as Japanese tea gardens influenced Wright during his trip to Japan. Wright He implemented this concept in his architectural designs where he aimed at creating a sense of continuity between the interior and exterior elements of a house and garden. He had an idea that nature like architecture could be simplified to its basic geometric elements of line and shape. (Riccardo Cardilli, 2010) Between the eighth and twelfth century, Japan was under the Heian Reign. During this time shinden-zukuri was a popular type of architecture. Its is a Japanese style of architecture independent of and Chinese inspirations. The layout comprised a central sleeping room known as shinden, three pavilions known as tai no ya with djoining verandas known as Wataridono, and two long corridors called Ro. This traditional Japanese style was depicted in many of Wrights architectural marvels. Frank Lloyd Wright was responsible for the start of Usonia Homes. These include a planned community in the Town of Mount Pleasant which is adjacent to the village of Pleasantville, New York. The entire layout and design of the homes were under Wrights responsibility. Three homes out of the forty seven that were part of the project were designed by Wright, while the rest were done by architects: Paul Schweikher, Theodore Dixon Bower, Ulrich Franzen, KaneJi Domoto, Aaron Resnick nd David Henken who was Wrights apprentice. Wright planned the layout of the neighbourhood in such a way that it would follow a circular pattern, which helped conserve majority of trees in the vicinity and encouraging the flow of the land. The homes were themed with Wrights organic philosophy of style. Usonia was the name given to the community in homage to Wright and his goal of the togetherness of Americans. The community characterised of narrow roads which gracefully twisted and chicaned, birds sitting on windowsills, antlers roaming and maple trees in abundance. Nature dominated the community as sixty percent was forest and eadow. The houses embraced nature and nestled into its surroundings, as naturally as the tresses and grass around it. Wrights more popular and grand homes appeared to have a variety of Japanese qualities. However, the Usonian home was where the true Japanese architectural philosophies could be found. The homes Oapanese and Usonian homes) which initially appear very different, in reality are very similar when it comes to conceptualization and implementation. These similarities are characterised by four features that make them relatives. First, the entryw ay stands out to enhance the experiential quality of the home. Secondly, the houses use nature as an ingredient to building, connecting the inside of the home to its surroundings. Thirdly, the basic structure of the two types of houses includes a fondness for open and contempt towards the common box shape of the house. Finally, aesthetic simplicity is a feature that can be seen in both houses. Within each category as well, the implementations of these concepts produce equivalent structural qualities in both the Usonian and Japanese house. (Alexandra Black, 2000) Frank Lloyd Wright house Zimmerman House Manchester URL: e-architect. co. uk/boston/new_england_buildings. htm Japanese ouses are popular for having a foyer at the entrance. This is where the visitors removed their shoes before entering the actual house. This helped in the transition from the outside to the inside of the house. We see in the Wright homes a foyer is also included. The foyer is mainly used to welcome the visitor and also serve as protection from the outside dust and other elements. It also helped in providing an enlarged effect that Wright was so famous for. As the visitor enters, the ceilings are raised which makes the actual space look open and grand. Both Wright and the Japanese believed that a house should embrace its surrounding. It should not be a division between the inhabitants and the surroundings but on the other hand entice them to feel the nature around them. experience it more deeply. The Usonian and Japanese homes achieved this by using nature as a decoration of the house and making it a vital contributor to the houses beauty. Gardens were popular among the houses and played an important role to bring harmony between the interior and exterior. The walls, windows, lighting, and materials also were used to reveal the beauty of nature. Living Area of an Usonian House and Japanese House and nature URL: http:// www. galenfrysinger. com/iowa_cedar_rock. tm URL: onelife]apan. com/tours/thatch_roof_volunteer. html Japanese houses had natural lighting and were commonly illuminated by candles. Wright could not stick to this concept in America for the Usonian homes. He managed to use lighting as subtly as possible. Large panels of open glass and windows were uses whenever possible. The fireplace also provided light and heat during evenings. After sunset, Wright used smaller, soft lighting sources that were placed within the houses structural lines. These light sources were hidden and intended to reflect off of the ceilings and walls to provide a subtle sunlight effect. Some might question Wrights direct connection with Japanese architectural elements. However, it is certain that he adopted Japanese theories to aid his architectural brilliance, which is seen clearly in the comparisons between the Usonian Houses and Japanese homes. The Usonian house symbolises a reincarnation of the Japanese home which is for a modern everyday human being. Whether the Japanese influence was intentional or not, Wright has shown through his works that traditional Japanese theories of architecture pertain to today demand and livelihood to provide a house that is organic and affordable. Pfeiffer, 1918) The world is growing and diverse cultures are being exposed to wider reaches of the globe. Traditional Japanese homes would be a myth in North America. However, the ideas that are instilled in Japanese homes and the Usonian houses of the 1900s have inspired simple, elegant, organic, inexpensive architecture today. An architect must not dwell on past building designs and, but to implement the principles that has been carried on from the past and provide the world with appropriate architectural products for the present. The Japanese were pioneers at this and so was Frank Lloyd Wright who inspires aspiring and xperienced architect of today to do the same.

Diagnoses, Medication and Treatment of a Patient with Complex Ailments Essay

Diagnoses, Medication and Treatment of a Patient with Complex Ailments - Essay Example As a professional medic, I had to do all the prescribed processes. First, I did the patient's initial assessment to determine whether the patient was under any life threats. In doing this, I formed a general idea to guide me to decide whether the patient was ill. I immobilized the forefront in preventing further abuse of other organs, assessed his level of consciousness according to the criteria of AVPU- alert responses of the patient to pain stimuli, responses of the patient to verbal stimuli, as well as unresponsive. Having checked the responsiveness level, I checked for his airway, breathing, as well as the circulation, commonly known as ABC. This entailed the removal of any foreign substance that could have blocked the airway. This time, I maintained the patients positioning by removing any blocking objects while carefully positioning the patient's head while keeping in mind the significance of jaw-trust technique as stated by Brimacombe (2000). Secondly, I checked the breathing rate of the patient, and it confirmed that the patient's breathing was much less than eight times per minute. Because of this, I had to facilitate his breathing by use of bag valve attached to an oxygen source. Thirdly, I checked the patient pulse rate by palpating his carotid vein which is located in the neck. Finally for this initial assessment, the overall bleeding was checked and put under control. Then the diagnosis stage followed. I examined the patient and diagnosed him with acute spinal cord injury, Anaemia, pneumonia, Hypertension, mild depressed mood, Neutrogena Bladder and hypothyroidism. I realized that the diseases were at advanced stages and needed quick response to give the patient a chance to survive. The medication was then administered to the patient in accordance to the prescribed disease. Pneumonia is a disease that causes a swelling in the lungs and affects the alveoli. It is associated with consolidation, chest symptoms and fever. Pneumonia is caused by bacteri a and other causes. Agents of infection include fungi, bacteria and viruses. Pneumonic symptoms include breathing difficulty, pains in the patient's chest, cough and fever. The remedies and medication for pneumonia include Levofloxacin for pneumonia, Liquibid for chest congestion, Miconazole nitrate for antifungal, Nuerontin for Neuropathy pain, Nystatin for antifungal, Remeron for depression, Acetylcystein 1ml for bronchitis and Albuterol inhalation for coughing and wheezing. Hypertension, on the other hand, is a medical condition that occurs due to increase in blood pressure in the arteries. It requires the beat unexceptionally to help circulate blood through blood vessels. High blood pressure can be said to exist if the individual’s pressure exceeds 140/90mmHg. This is one of the main risk factors for heart attacks, stroke, and aneurysms of the arteries, and it results to kidney diseases. Change in lifestyles improves control in blood pressure thereby decreasing complicati ons associated with health. However, treatment is needed to people who happen to be incapable. The medication that administaered for a patient with hypertension includes Remeron for depression, Oxycodone for pain and counadin for Anticoagulation. Hypothyroidism occurs when thyroid glands do not make thyroid hormone that is enough for the body. This results in the deficiency in iodine where other factors come into play. It is also associated with an increase in

Math problem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Math problem - Essay Example This means that there is some question as to whether this sample is sufficiently random, and whether that sample accurately represents the population. Another question to ask is how representative the sample was, by having only 50 represented could result to sample size as reported in guideline 3 of the article. In addition, the data that is used comes from the parents, rather than a single observer. As a result, there is likely to be significant variation in the observed results. Lastly, the question one remains asking is that the conclusions made are based on what? The study does not tell us the values of comparison in order to reach at the conclusion, it is important to consider guideline 8 in making the conclusions since sometimes the comparison values could not be significant to warrant such a conclusion made. The data reported by the parents is essentially anecdotal, rather than being an actual measure of the childs activity or energy level. The parents perception of how active their child is at any particular moment may be affected by the parents own mood and tolerance for activity at the time. If a parent is feeling particularly harried or overwhelmed, a lesser level of activity on the part of their child may seem more "active" than usual. Conversely, if a parent is feeling less stressed, they may be more tolerant of activity before they reach the point where the activity of the child seems "high" or "excessive". In other words, the parents perception of the childs activity may be inconsistent (According to guideline 1 we would conclude that the type of study is not appropriate), both due to the lack of a standard scale of measurement, and by their own emotional state. Finally, this particular study was sponsored by a group that has a vested interest in the outcome. In particular, the stated outcome favors the company that sponsored the study-this is similar to what we observe in guideline 2 of the article. This calls

Effects of Indoor Plants on Air Pollution

Effects of Indoor Plants on Air Pollution Are indoor plants adapted to get rid formaldehyde, Sipin, Elly Lorreta one of the noxious wastes commonly found at home 002348-019 nowadays? 1.0 Introduction I did further research and found out that indoor air pollution phenomenon has urged the NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) scientists to study the functions of plants to provide clean indoor air. NASA has become the pioneer towards this research and recently has been widened by many other associations like the Wolverton Environmental Services, Inc. endorsed by the Plants for Clean Air Council in Mitchellville, Maryland[1]. Research done by NASA has found out that there are certain plants that have the function to purify the air in a building[2]. They detoxify the existing toxins and pollutants which originate from the things used in daily activities nowadays; fabrics, detergents and also furniture. These pollutants can be classified into three common indoor pollutants according to the list of indoor contaminant that are currently present. There are benzene, formaldehyde and trichloroethylene. (TCE)[3] Plants use the concept of transpiration to work onto this problem[4]. As the vaporized chemical enters the stomatal opening on the leaves of the indoor plants, they are either broken down directly or be sent downwards; down to the root system of the plants.[5] The presence of colonies of microbes at the root system breaks down various kinds of unhealthy compounds; in this case the indoor pollutants, and absorbs them as their source of food[6]. As for the mechanism of transpiration to remove the pollutant, water vapour that is liberated by the leaves of the plants will mix with the air in the atmosphere. Convection of air leads to the movement of the atmospheric air that is contaminated with the vaporized chemical downwards to the base of the plants. I chose 6 types of plants to be experimented by one fixed type of pollutant; formaldehyde. It is normally used in the production of grocery bags, facial tissues, waxed paper, waxed paper[7] and produced by tobacco products, gas cookers and open fireplaces.[8] In the experiment, this chemical is predicted to be absorbed by each plant. Plant that absorbs the chemical the most would be the efficient plant to be included in places mentioned before. 2.0 Aim To study the effect of plants transpiration towards the acidity and mass of formaldehyde in a transparent chamber. 3.0 Planning and method development Firstly, a chamber must be set up to place plants chosen. A pot of selected plant is placed into each chamber. 6 types of plants were chosen, therefore 6 chambers must be created. To make sure that air, sunlight and water could be continuously supplied, I decided that the chamber must be transparent, and there are holes to let air enters. The material that I chose is transparent plastic so that holes can be poked, the wall of the chambers can be flipped to water the plants everyday and plants get sufficient sunlight. I selected formaldehyde as the pollutant to the plants. In each of the chamber, I included formalin of the same amount in a beaker and let it evaporate in the chamber. As formalin CH2O, is a reducing agent[9], therefore it has the ability to release its hydrogen.[10] The more hydrogen ions present in it, the greater the strength of the acid. When evaporation of formalin happens continuously, there will be less in quantity of hydrogen atoms in the aqueous solution. Thus, the acidity of formaldehyde could decrease through evaporation; pH of the formalin increases. So, the pH of the formalin is ought to be checked for every interval of two days. Because concept of evaporation is used, it is for sure the volume of the formalin will reduce. The most effective method to measure this is by getting the mass decrease. I took the reading of the mass of formalin for every interval of two days. I decided to take note on the external condition of all the plants so that analysis on that can be don e to find its relativity with formalin. 4.0 Hypothesis My prediction is that indoor plants have the ability to get rid of formaldehyde, one of the noxious wastes commonly found at home nowadays by absorbing the chemicals through their microscopic openings perforated on their leaves; the stomata[11]. As the chemical evaporates, the molecules of the chemical are absorbed by the plants by gaining entrance through the stomata. These plants transport the absorbed chemical to their root system along the xylem of the plants to be broken down by the microbes present at the roots.[12] As formalin acts as a reducing agent, release of hydrogen could occur. Through evaporation of formalin, there will be less hydrogen atoms could remain in the aqueous solution. Thus, it is possible for the decrease in mass and increase in the pH of the formalin to occur when indoor plants are available. 5.0 Methodology 5.1 Variables a) Independent: * Types of plants chosen to be experimented There are variety types of plants chosen in order to know whether the hypothesis could be accepted. They are Boston fern (Nephrolepis exaltata â€Å"Bostoniensis†), Janet Craig(Dracaena deremensis), Florists mum(Chrysanthemum morifolium), Kimberly queen fern (Nephrolepis obliterata), Snake plant or mother-in-laws tongue (Sansevieria trifasciata Laurentii), Himalayan Balsam (Impatiens glandulifera) altogether. Himalayan Balsam (Impatiens glandulifera) acts as the control of the experiment to show its less in efficiency to absorb the toxin. Some plants have no ability to absorb the chosen toxin as good as in some indoor plants. b) Dependent: * The rate of absorption of formaldehyde The rate of absorption of formaldehyde is taken as the decrease in mass of formalin over time. This is documented for every interval of two days. Other than that, the acidity of formaldehyde in each chamber is also noted. This is done by using pH paper and pH meter to indicate the change in pH. The pH of the formalin in the chamber is recorded to see the pattern of change in acidity. c) Fixed: * The type of toxin chosen; formaldehyde Liquid formalin is selected to be one of the fixed variables in this experiment so that the analysis of the change in acidity can be done easily. More than one type of pollutant will promote confusion while conducting the experiment as the characteristic of one pollutant differ from one to another. Formalin is the aqueous state of the chemical formaldehyde and the concentration of the liquid formalin is 100%. I made the volume and the concentration of liquid formalin the same in every small beaker included in every transparent chamber. It is important to do so because the pH of the chemical and its mass are to be checked every 2 days throughout the duration of the experiment. The initial pH of the chemical is 3.510 while the initial volume of the chemical is 10  ± 0.5 ml making its mass to be 10.19  ± 0.01 g * The estimated size of the plants chosen The chosen plants are of the same size. There is no specific measurement for the plants sizes so therefore, the size is depending on the experimenters justification by fixing the number of leaves present in every plant chosen. This is due to the mechanism of the absorption of the chemical formalin happens through the microscopic opening present on the leaves; the stomata. It is therefore can be predicted that more tiny opening present on the leaves, the more effective would the rate of absorption be. I decided that the total number of leaves is approximately 15-20 leaves depending on the how broad the surface of the leaves is. * The size of the pyramidal transparent chamber The size of the pyramidal transparent chamber is to be made constant by using the same size and number of transparent plastic bags. The size of the plastic bags is 23cm x 38cm and they are cut into same shapes to fit it with the skeleton of the chamber. The base of the chamber is triangular in shape and constant with the area of  ½ (50cm x 50cm). 5.2 Materials MATERIALS QUANTITY JUSTIFICATION Formalin 120ml Formalin acts as the toxin in the experiment. Tap Water 5 litres This is used to water the plants everyday for 2 weeks duration. 5.3 Apparatus APPARATUS QUANTITY JUSTIFICATION Boston fern (N. exaltata) 1 pot These are the plants chosen to determine their effectiveness to absorb the formalin. Janet Craig (D. deremensis) 1 pot Florists mum (C. morifolium) 1 pot Kimberly queen fern (N. obliterata) 1 pot Snake plant (S. trifasciata) 1 pot Himalayan Balsam (I. glandulifera) 1 pot pH paper 1 box To check the acidity of formalin every 2 days. pH meter 1 To determine the pH of the formalin every 2 days. Disposable plastic cups 24 To be the base of the pyramidal transparent chamber. Plastic and bamboo chopsticks 54 To be the poles of the pyramidal transparent chamber. Electronic balance 1 To measure the decrease in mass of the liquid formalin for every 2 days. 50ml beaker 6 To place the liquid formalin in each chamber. 50ml measuring cylinder 1 To measure the amount of formalin in each 50ml beaker. Transparent plastics for packaging (23cm x 38cm) 1 pack To become the cover of the chamber. 5.4 Methodology to prepare a chamber for the plant A chamber has to be invented to place the chosen plants, considering the needs of those plants to get sufficient sunlight, air and water. I chose transparent plastics and attach them together to create a pyramidal transparent chamber. Holes were also poked to allow air move into the chamber. I included nine chopsticks to be the poles of chamber. A pole comprised of 3 combined chopsticks. To increase its stability, I poked a hole onto the bases of three disposable plastic cups and inserted the chopsticks into the holes. 5.5 Methodology to determine the change in acidity of formaldehyde After the chamber was set up, I prepared the solution of the toxin chosen; formalin.in a 50ml beaker. 10  ± 0.5 ml of the chemical in each beaker was measured using 50ml measuring cylinder. 6 transparent chambers were set up to place 6 types of plants which were the Boston fern (N. exaltata), Janet Craig (D. deremensis), Florists mum (C. morifolium), Kimberly queen fern (N. obliterata), Snake plant (S. trifasciata), and Himalayan Balsam (I. glandulifera). All the 6 chambers contained different pots of plants and 10ml of formalin in a 50ml beaker. At intervals of 2 days, the mass of the formalin was recorded. The procedure to get the mass of formalin in each chamber was as follows; * Take the reading of the mass of 50ml beaker before filling in the formalin by using electronic balance. Repeat the steps 3 times in order to get the average reading. * Weigh the 50ml beaker containing formalin by using electronic balance. Repeat the procedure 3 times in order to get the average reading. The reading of the mass of the formalin + 50ml beaker at intervals of 2 days was recorded. The mass of the formalin was determined by subtracting the average value of the mass of formalin + 50ml beaker with the average mass of the 50ml beaker. The pH was again checked by using pH paper and also pH meter for 2 weeks. The change in colour of the pH paper and the reading of the pH meter were noted and documented. Each of the plants in the chamber was watered once a day using tap water. The amount of tap water must was 20ml per watering and watering time was at 10.30 a.m and 4.00 p.m. every day. Condition for each of the plants was observed for interval time of 2 days. All of results were recorded in a table. 5.5.1 Precaution 1. Beware while handling formalin because it is a dangerous chemical. Since a high concentration of formaldehyde will be used in the experiment, [13]it may cause burning sensation to the eyes, nose and lungs. Thus it could result in allergic reaction because of formalin. 2. Be cautious when building the pyramidal transparent chamber especially when dealing with the bamboo sticks. Avoid any sharp splinter of the bamboo stick from piercing into the skin. 6.0 Data collection TABLE 1: THE pH of FORMALIN IN EACH TRANSPARENT CHAMBER WITH DIFFERENT PLANTS IN 14 DAYS Transparent chamber containing plants Value of Ph of formalin in each transparent chamber according to number of days 2 days 4 days 6 days 8 days 10 days 12 days 14 days Boston fern (N. exaltata â€Å"Bostoniensis†) 3.510 3.550 3.570 4.020 4.130 4.260 4.310 Janet Craig (D. deremensis) 3.510 3.570 3.580 4.020 4.070 4.210 4.430 Florists mum (C. morifolium) 3.510 3.570 3.590 4.120 4.200 4.320 4.620 Kimberly queen fern (N. obliterate) 3.510 3.510 3.520 4.010 4.030 4.050 4.110 Snake plant (S. trifasciata Laurentii) 3.510 3.370 3.360 4.030 4.030 4.030 4.030 Himalayan Balsam (I. glandulifera) 3.510 3.370 3.370 3.350 3.350 3.350 3.350 Note: The pH of formalin in each beaker was checked at the same interval to ensure that none of the formalin being absorbed more by their respective plants. The time that they were checked was at a range of 4.00 p.m. until 4.45 p.m. 10 Are indoor plants adapted to get rid formaldehyde, Sipin, Elly Lorreta one of the noxious wastes commonly found at home 002348-019 nowadays? TABLE 2: MASS OF FORMALIN + 50ml BEAKER IN EACH CHAMBER CONTAINING DIFFERENT PLANTS IN 14 DAYS Transparent chamber containing plants Mass of formalin + 50ml beaker in each transparent chamber  ± 0.01g 2 days 4 days 6 days 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd Boston fern (N. exaltata) 46.950 46.960 46.960 46.530 46.540 46.550 46.230 46.220 46.220 Janet Craig (D. deremensis) 46.910 46.910 46.910 46.520 46.520 46.510 46.310 46.310 46.310 Florists mum (C. morifolium) 46.940 46.940 46.950 46.610 46.600 46.610 46.350 46.340 46.350 Kimberly queen fern (N. obliterata) 46.970 46.970 46.970 46.620 46.620 46.640 46.430 46.410 46.410 Snake plant (S. trifasciata) 46.920 46.910 46.910 46.620 46.630 46.610 46.420 46.410 46.430 Himalayan Balsam(I. glandulifera) 46.940 46.940 46.930 46.780 46.790 46.790 46.720 46.710 46.720 Note: The mass of the formalin was measured at intervals of 2 days and it was at a range of time from 4.00 p.m. until 4.45 p.m. 10 Are indoor plants adapted to get rid formaldehyde, Sipin, Elly Lorreta one of the noxious wastes commonly found at home 002348-019 nowadays? Transparent chamber containing plants Mass of formalin + 50ml beaker in each transparent chamber  ± 0.01g 8 days 10 days 12 days 14 days 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd Boston fern (N. exaltata) 46.010 46.030 46.040 45.480 45.480 45.470 45.210 45.220 45.220 44.950 44.960 44.980 Janet Craig (D. deremensis) 45.520 45.530 45.530 45.030 45.030 45.020 44.960 44.960 44.920 44.580 44.590 44.580 Florists mum (C. morifolium) 45.550 45.550 45.560 45.220 45.210 45.220 44.940 44.940 44.950 44.130 44.130 44.140 Kimberly queen fern (N. obliterata) 45.500 45.510 45.510 45.320 45.350 45.350 44.980 44.980 44.990 44.220 44.230 44.230 Snake plant (S. trifasciata) 45.890 45.900 45.890 45.530 45.530 45.530 45.140 45.140 45.120 44.970 44.960 44.970 Himalayan Balsam(I. glandulifera) 46.680 46.680 46.680 46.340 46.340 46.320 46.290 46.290 47.300 46.250 46.240 46.250 10 Are indoor plants adapted to get rid formaldehyde, Sipin, Elly Lorreta one of the noxious wastes commonly found at home 002348-019 nowadays? Transparent chamber containing plants Change in colour of pH paper 2 days 4 days 6 days 8 days 10 days 12 days 14 days Boston fern (N. exaltata) Green leaves Green leaves Green leaves Green leaves Green leaves Green leaves Green leaves Janet Craig (D. deremensis) Green leaves Green leaves Green leaves Green leaves Green leaves Yellow leaves Brown Leaves Florists mum (C.morifolium) Green leaves Green leaves Green leaves Wilted flowers Wilted flowers Yellow leaves Yellow leaves K. queen fern (N. obliterata) Green leaves Green leaves Green leaves Green leaves Yellow leaves Yellow leaves Yellow leaves Snake plant (S. trifasciata) Green leaves Green leaves Green leaves Green leaves Green leaves Green leaves Green leaves H. Balsam (I. glandulifera) Green leaves Green leaves Yellow leaves Yellow leaves Yellow leaves Brown leaves Brown leaves TABLE 3: DAILY CONDITION OF PLANTS IN THE TRANSPARENT CHAMBERS IN 14 DAYS Note: Only Florists mum (C.morifolium) in this experiment has flowers. When the edges of the leaves becoming brown or yellow, it is indicated as having brown leaves or yellow leaves. The font in italic form indicates the adverse change onto the plants. 10 Are indoor plants adapted to get rid formaldehyde, Sipin, Elly Lorreta one of the noxious wastes commonly found at home 002348-019 nowadays? TABLE 4: CHANGE IN COLOUR OF pH PAPER WHEN pH OF FORMALIN FOR A DURATION OF TWO WEEKS Transparent chamber containing plants Change in colour of pH paper 2 days 4 days 6 days 8 days 10 days 12 days 14 days Boston fern (N. exaltata ) Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Janet Craig (D. deremensis) Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Florists mum (C. morifolium) Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange K. queen fern (N. obliterata) Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Snake plant (S. trifasciata) Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange H. Balsam (I. glandulifera) Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Light orange Note: The original colour of the pH paper is light yellow in colour 10 Are indoor plants adapted to get rid formaldehyde, Sipin, Elly Lorreta one of the noxious wastes commonly found at home 002348-019 nowadays? 7.0 Data processing 7.1 pH difference of formalin I discover that there are some changes in pH of the formalin in the transparent chamber. The following table shows the total difference in the final and the initial pH of the formalin in each transparent chamber. TABLE 5: DIFFERENCE IN pH OF FORMALIN IN EACH TRANSPARENT CHAMBER Transparent chamber containing plants Final pH Initial pH Difference in pH Boston fern (N. exaltata) 4.310 3.510 0.800 Janet Craig (D. deremensis) 4.430 3.510 0.920 Florists mum (C. morifolium) 4.620 3.510 1.110 Kimberly queen fern (N. obliterate) 4.110 3.510 0.600 Snake plant (S. trifasciata) 4.030 3.510 0.520 Himalayan Balsam (I. glandulifera) 3.350 3.510 0.160 Note: The method to calculate the pH of formalin in chamber containing Himalayan Balsam is inverted, since the pH value decreased so that negative value can be ignored. 7.2 Data for mean mass of formalin The following table shows the average mass of formalin + 50ml beaker for 14 days TABLE 6: AVERAGE MASS OF FORMALIN + 50ml BEAKER IN EACH CHAMBER CONTAINING DIFFERENT PLANTS IN 14 DAYS Transparent chamber containing plants Average mass of formalin+50ml beaker in each chamber  ± 0.01g Day 2 Day 4 Day 6 Day 8 Day 10 Day 12 Day 14 Boston fern (N. exaltata) 46.960 46.540 46.220 46.030 45.480 45.220 44.960 Janet Craig (D. deremensis) 46.910 46.520 46.310 45.530 45.030 44.950 44.580 Florists mum (C. morifolium) 46.940 46.610 46.350 45.550 45.220 44.540 44.130 K. queen fern (N. obliterate) 46.970 46.630 46.420 45.510 45.340 44.980 44.240 Snake plant (S. trifasciata) 46.910 46.620 46.420 45.890 45.330 45.130 44.970 H. Balsam (I. glandulifera 46.940 46.790 46.720 46.680 46.330 46.290 44.250 Note: The average masses were obtained by totaling up the three mass values in three trials, and divide it into three. 7.3 Graph for the decreasing mass of formalin In order to get a graph of decrease in mass of formalin from day 0 to day 14, the real mass of formalin is required. Therefore, the table of mass of formalin for a duration of 14 days is made as follows. The formulation to calculate the mass of formalin in each beaker would be; Mass of formalin= [(Average mass of formalin+50ml beaker)- Average mass of 50ml beaker] TABLE 7: MASS OF FORMALIN IN EVERY 50ml BEAKER CONTAINED IN TRANSPARENT CHAMBER WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF PLANTS Transparent chamber containing plants Mass of formalin  ± 0.01g [(Average mass of formalin+50ml beaker) Average mass of 50ml beaker] Day 2 Day 4 Day 6 Day 8 Day 10 Day 12 Day 14 Boston fern (N. exaltata) 10.170 9.750 9.430 9.240 8.690 8.430 8.170 Janet Craig (D. deremensis) 10.120 9.730 9.520 8.740 8.240 8.160 7.790 Florists mum (C. morifolium) 10.150 9.820 9.560 8.760 8.430 8.150 7.340 K. queen fern (N. obliterate) 10.180 9.840 9.630 8.760 8.430 8.150 7.450 Snake plant (S. trifasciata) 10.120 9.830 9.630 9.100 8.540 8.340 8.180 H. Balsam (I. glandulifera 10.150 10.000 9.930 9.890 9.540 9.500 9.460 Note: The average mass of one 50ml beaker is 36.79  ± 0.1g. This value was used to calculate the mass above. The bar graph of decrease in mass of the formalin against number of days for each beaker containing formalin in every transparent chamber is as follows; graph 1: decrease in mass of the formalin against number of days for each beaker containing formalin in every transparent chamber Note: The graph shows quite obvious inclination of mass of formalin in all chambers except for the H. Balsam (I. glandulifera) 7.4 Mass and percentage of formalin absorbed The initial average mass of the 10ml formalin in the 50ml beaker is 46.980  ± 0.01g and the average mass of the 50ml beaker alone is 36.790  ± 0.01g making the mass of the 10.000  ± 0.1 ml formalin poured in to be 10.190  ± 0.01g. From the data, there is a decreasing pattern of the mass of the formalin in the 50ml beaker. The percentage of decrease in mass of the 10.000  ± 0.1 ml formalin in 14 days of time in respective transparent chamber of plants can be determined. Before that, the mass of formalin absorbed in all the 6 transparent chambers must be d up. Calculation is as follows; TABLE 8: MASS OF FORMALIN ABSORBED BY PLANTS IN EACH CHAMBER Name of plants in each chamber Mass of formalin absorbed [Initial mass (10.190)- Mass on the14th day]  ± 0.01g Boston fern (N. exaltata) 2.020 Janet Craig (D. deremensis) 2.400 Florists mum (C. morifolium) 2.850 Kimberly queen fern (N. obliterate) 2.740 Snake plant (S. trifasciata) 2.010 H. Balsam (I. glandulifera 0.730 Note: The mass of formalin absorbed by plants in each chamber is referring to the decrease in mass of formalin throughout the 12 days duration. It is possible to calculate the percentage of decrease in mass of formalin absorbed by using the formulation below. The table below shows the percentage in respective 50ml beaker of formalin in all 6 chambers; Percentage of decrease in = Mass of formalin absorbed x 100% mass of formalin Initial mass of formalin TABLE 9: PERCENTAGE DECREASE IN MASS OF FORMALIN IN THE 50ml BEAKER IN RESPECTIVE TRANSPARENT CHAMBER Transparent chamber containing plants Percentage of decrease in mass of formalin absorbed Percentage of decrease in mass of formalin (%) Boston fern (N. exaltata) 2.020/10.190 x 100 19.820 Janet Craig (D. deremensis) 2.400/10.190 x 100 23.550 Florists mum (C. morifolium) 2.850/10.190 x 100 27.970 Kimberly queen fern (N. obliterate) 2.740/10.190 x 100 26.890 Snake plant (S. trifasciata) 2.010/10.190 x 100 19.730 Himalayan Balsam (I. glandulifera) 0.730/10.190 x 100 7.160 Note: The comparison of decrease in mass of formalin in beaker is based on the initial mass of formalin in the beaker. The greater the percentage of decrease in masses of formalin, the better the quality of air in the chamber, the better formalin absorber would the plant be. The following diagram shows the ascending order of the quality of plant as formalin absorber. Himalayan Balsam (I. glandulifera) Snake plant (S. trifasciata) Boston fern (N. exaltata) Janet Craig (D. deremensis) Kimberly queen fern (N. obliterate) Florists mum (C. morifolium) 7.5 Calculation for mean, standard deviation and T-test TABLE 10 : TABLE OF MEAN AND STANDARD DEVIATION FOR EVERY PLANTS CHOSEN Mass  ± 0.01g Plants Boston fern (N. exaltata) Janet Craig (D. deremensis) Florists mum (C. morifolium) Kimberly queen fern (N. obliterata) Snake plant (S. trifasciata) Himalayan Balsam (I. glandulifera) 1st trial 2.000 2.330 2.810 2.000 1.950 0.690 2nd trial 2.000 2.320 2.810 2.740 1.950 0.700 3rd trial 1.980 2.330 2.810 2.740 1.940 0.680 Mean 1.993 2.327 2.810 2.493 1.947 0.690 Std. Dev 0.009 0.005 0.000 0.349 0.005 0.008 Note: The mean was determined by getting the difference of mass of formalin between 14th day with the 0 day; initial mass. The formulation to calculate t-test is as follows; t-value =_____difference in mean___ difference of standard error TABLE 11: TABLE OF T-VALUE FOR THE COMPARISON OF MASS DECREASE MEAN BETWEEN BOSTON FERN (N. exaltata) AND JANET CRAIG (D. deremensis) Mass  ± 0.01g Plants Boston fern (N. exaltata) Janet Craig (D. deremensis) Difference between Boston fern and Janet Craig 1 trial 2.000 2.330 0.330 2 trial 2.000 2.320 0.320 3 trial 1.980 2.330 0.340 Mean 1.993 2.327 0.330 Std. Dev 0.009 0.005 0.008 Std. Error 1.151 1.343 0.191 Degree of freedom 2.000 Critical value at 5% level 4.300 t-value 1.728 Null Hypothesis: There is no significance difference for decrease in mass between Boston fern (N. exaltata) and Janet Craig (D. deremensis) | t | = 1.728 Thus, null hypothesis is rejected. The mean difference is not significant TABLE 12: TABLE OF T-VALUE FOR THE COMPARISON OF MASS DECREASE MEAN BETWEEN BOSTON FERN (N. exaltata) AND FLORISTS MUM (C. morifolium) Null Hypothesis: There is no significance difference for decrease in mass between Boston fern (N. exaltata) and Florists mum (C. morifolium) Mass  ± 0.01g Plants Boston fern (N. exaltata) Florists mum (C. morifolium) Difference between Boston fern and Florists mum

Of Mice & Men: Forced Isolation Essay

Everyone in their lifetime desires the comfort of a friend, but will settle for the attentive ear of a stranger. In the novel, Of Mice and Men, Steinbeck shows how lonely people were during the 1930’s. He teaches a grim lesson about the nature of human existence, and how the characters in the story had to admit at one time or another to having a profound sense of loneliness and isolation. Although each character had their own secluded troubles, Curley’s wife, Crooks, and Candy, suffered the most from loneliness. Curley’s wife is the only female character in the story who is never given a proper, and is only mentioned in reference to her husband. The men on the farm refer to her as a â€Å"tramp†, a â€Å"tart†, and a â€Å"looloo†, and she represents the temptation of female sexuality in a male-dominated world. Steinbeck depicts Curley’s wife not as a villain, but rather as a victim. Like the ranch-hands, she is desperately lonely and has broken dreams of a better life. For example, she tells Lennie, â€Å"I get lonely. You can talk to people, but I can’t talk to nobody but Curley.† (95) This shows how aware she is about Curley’s insecurity, which causes her to converse with the other men in secret. Curley expects his wife to do as he tells her at all times, and expects her to isolate herself from everyone else and to only talk to him. In addition, Curley’s wife also adds after discovering where Curley had gone too â€Å"Think I don’t know where they all went? Even Curley?† (77) Curley’s wife despises the requirements and demands her husband has over her, fully knowing that Curley is unfaithful to her. Using this against her husband, Curley’s wife does the exact opposite of what he tells demands of her, and does as she wants whenever Curley isn’t around, and tries to have the guys understand that all she needs is a friend. Curley’s wife, being a woman, is expected to obey a man at all times, but since she is a free-spirited woman, she has hopes and dreams just like everyone else that she had to give up to spend the rest of her miserable life being isolated. Candy, the old swamper, is a lonely character because he is different from  everyone else and doesn’t really have anybody to call â€Å"friend†. For example, Candy tells George, â€Å"I’d make a will an’ leave my share to you guys in case I kick off, ‘cause I ain’t got no relatives nor nothing.† (59) Candy clearly says in this statement that he is desperate to not spend the rest of his life alone. He was willing to give George and Lennie his life savings to be a part of their American Dream, and clings to the idea of having the freedom to take up or set aside work as he chooses. In addition, Candy continues to persuade George, â€Å"When they can me here I wisht somebody’d shoot me. But they won’t do nothing like that. I won’t have no place to go, an’ I can’t get no more jobs.† (60) Candy compares himself to his old dog that was shot because he was no longer useful and the guys at the ranch didn’t want him to suffer anymore. He knows that he will get fired from his job soon, because he as well is getting very old and useless, and wished that once he does get fired, one of the men on the ranch will shoot him to put him out of his misery, because he will have no one left to spend his life with. Candy is a hard worker, however, he fears that he will be alone for the rest of his life and tries to do everything in his power to avoid that worrying obstacle. Crooks is a lively, sharp-witted, African American who takes his name from his crooked back. Like most of the characters in the story, he admits that he is awfully lonely. When Lennie visits him in his room, his reaction certainly reveals this fact. â€Å"’Why ain’t you wanted?’ Lennie asked. ‘Cause I’m black.’† (68) At first when Lennie visited Crooks, he turns Lennie away, hoping to prove a point that if he, as a black man, is not allowed in white men’s houses, then whites are not allowed in his. However, his desire for company ultimately wins out and he invites Lennie to sit with him. Like Curley’s wife, Crooks is a disempowered character who turns his vulnerability into a weapon to attack those who are even weaker. Crooks adds, â€Å"A guy sets alone here at night, maybe readin’ books or thinkin’ or stuff like that. Sometimes he gets thinkin’, an’ he got nothin’ to tell him what’s so an’ ain’t so. Maybe if he sees somethin’, he don’t know whether it’s right or not. He can turn to some other guy and ast him if he sees it too.† (73) Crooks as a black and handicapped man, is forced to live on the periphery of ranch life. He is not even allowed to enter the white men’s  bunkhouse, or join them in a game of cards. His resentment typically comes out through his bitter harsh intellect, but in this passage he displays a desolate, touching vulnerability. Crooks desire for a friend by whom to â€Å"measure† things echoes George’s earlier description of the life of a migrant worker. These characters each crave the reassurance of a friend at one time or another and are all rendered helpless by their isolation, and yet, even at their weakest, they seek to destroy those who are even weaker than they are. Because of this strong feeling of loneliness, it isn’t surprising that the promise of a farm of their own life filled with strong bonds holds such allure.

Pow 12 Imp 1

1. To find my conclusions I had to think about each part of the problem. When you know that one thing means you go on to the next part. When you figure out what that means you have to see how the two statements are related. If they are related then you can deduce a conclusion that makes sense. 2. Here are my conclusions for the 6 problems on page 7. 1. a. No medicine is nice b. Senna is a medicine Here I deduced that Senna is not a nice medicine. I think this because the first statement says that â€Å"no medicine is nice. † That tells me that all medicines are not nice. The second statement says â€Å"Senna is a medicine†. That statement is straight forward. When you put them together you can decide that Senna is a medicine and medicines are not nice. So Senna is not nice. 2. a. All shillings are round b. These coins are round Here I decided that no now conclusions can be drawn. The first statement says â€Å"All shillings are round. † That statement is clear. The second statement says â€Å"These coins are round. † This tells you the coin they have are round. When you put these statements together you can see some flaws. They say these coins but you don’t know if any of these coins are shillings. They can be other coins that are round. So you cannot deduce anything. These coins are 3. a. Some pigs are wild b. All pigs are fat Here I decided that there are no conclusions that can be made. The first statement tells you that some pigs are wild and the second tells you that all pigs are fat. But when you put these statements together you get wild pigs are fat but you already know that because the second statement says that all pigs are fat. Thus you cannot deduce anything. . a. Prejudiced persons are untrustworthy b. Some unprejudiced persons are disliked Here there are no conclusions that can be made. These statements are just statements are just statements and you cannot deduce anything from them. If you combine these statements you get prejudice persons are untrustworthy and some are disliked. 5. a. Babies are illogical b. Nobody who is despised can manage a crocodile c. Illogical persons are d espised Here I deduce that Babies cannot manage a crocodile. The first statement says that Babies are illogical. The third statement says that illogical persons are despised. When you put those statement together you get babies are despised. Then you have to look at the second statement. Nobody who is despised can manage a crocodile. So when you put those statements together you get babies cannot manage a crocodile. 6. a. No birds, except ostriches, are 9 feet tall b. There are no birds in the aviary that belong to anyone but me c. No ostrich lives on mince pies d. I have no birds less that 9 feet tall. Here I deduced that the birds in the aviary are ostriches and they do not eat mince pies.. To deduce this I combined the third and fourth statements. Together it says that no birds less than 9 feet tall are in the aviary. Then when you combine that statement with the fourth statement you deduce that the birds in the aviary are ostriches. And when you conclude the third statement you get a final statement that says the birds in the aviary are ostriches and they do not eat mince pies. Part Two Valid Conclusion: People with hats are untrustworthy Untrustworthy people are dangerous. Invalid Conclusion: Some Golden Retrievers are gold These dogs are gold 3. This POW has to do with mathematics because it is all about logic. In math without logic you would less successful then if you do have logic. If something does not seem right to you or is confusing you are using logic to realize that something is wrong and will use it to solve it. Without logic you wouldn’t know when something is right or wrong. 4. This POW was fairly simple. But some of the problems required you to think more than others. But if you think it out in steps you will be able to solve them easily. I believe that I did well and thought out each problem as well as I can.

The Ethics Of Amateurism And College Athletes - 1645 Words

Salaries, wages, and compensations have always been major and generally controversial topics in democratic America. And, with the rising popularity of college athletics, particularly football, compensation (or lack thereof) for college athletes has recently been a hot topic in American sports. While some of the debate stems from the similarity between responsibilities college athletes have to their programs and those of professionals, most of the issue involves the principles of amateurism. Recent â€Å"scandals† involving college athletes such as Terrelle Pryor, Johnny Manziel, and Todd Gurley have raised questions about the ethics of amateurism, particularly with regard to the NCAA organization. The issue is found in a very gray area, where there is most likely no definitive one-size-fits-all solution, but the resolution of this issue is one that will change and shape the future of college athletics across the national landscape. For as long as second-level institutions have sponsored sports teams to represent their universities, there have been regulations (both official and unofficial) on the athletes, including their safety and benefits. This led to the formation of the NCAA in 1906. The NCAA s formation in the beginning was to preserve the sport itself in a time when the sport was perceived as too dangerous to be played. United States President Theodore Roosevelt actually inadvertently set the NCAA in motion when he convened thirteen football representatives (Treadway,Show MoreRelatedSports : Pay For Play?2343 Words   |  10 PagesAmateurism in College Sports: Pay for Play? Dating back to ancient Greek culture, humans have always enjoyed partaking and watching athletic events. People would travel from all over the globe to see some of these sporting events. The same holds true today, with people from all over the world travelling to play and watch both amateur and professional sports. 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